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J. A. HERRIGK & G. R. F. TOPHAM.

GAS PRODUCER.

No. 360,222. Patented Mar. 29, 1887.

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(No Model 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. 'J. A. HERRIOK 8: O. R. P..TOPHA1V[.

GAS PRODUCER.

No. 360,222. Patented Mar. 29, 1887.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3, J. A. HERRIGK & ,0. YR. F. TOPHAM.

GAS PRODUCER.

Patented Mar. 29. 1887.

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Patented Mar. 29 1887.

(No Model.) 5 Shee J. A. HERRIGK 8v 0. R. F.- T OPHAM. GAS PRODUCER. No, 360 222.

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GAS PRODUCER.

" No. 360,222. Patented Mar. 29, 1887.

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JAMES A. HERRICK AND CHARLES R. F. TOPHAM, OF BROOKLYN, N. Y., ASSIGNORS TO HENRY ARTHUR GADSDEN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

GAS PRODUCER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent .No. 360,222, dated March 29, 1887.

Application filed January 22, 1886. Serial No. 189,382. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, JAMES A. HERRIoK and CHARLES R. F. TOPHAM, both citizens of the United States, residing in Brooklyn, New York, have invented certain Improvements in Gas-Producers, of which the following is a specification.

One of the main objects of our invention is to so construct a gas producer or generator as to provide for the even distribution of the coal in feeding, to obtain a uniform and thorough combustion, and to protect the feed-hopper.

Further features of our invention relate to the construction of the hopper, the flues, the tuyeres, and the door-frame, and other de tails, as fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a producer embodying our improvements, the section being taken on the lineJ K, Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line H LFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front View with part of the central tuyere and throat broken away and with the right-hand door to the ash pit removed. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view on the line C D,Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is plan view, partly in section, on theline A B, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a sectional view (drawn to an enlarged scale on the line O P, Fig. 7) of a modification; and Fig. 7 is a sectional plan of the same on the line M N, Fig. 6.

We have illustrated our gas-producer as of rectangular form in sectional plan; but it should be understood that it may be of any convenient shape. \Ve have also represented the downtake flue E as built in with the structure of the producer; but it may be separate therefrom without departure from our invention. We prefer, however, to make the structure in the rectangular form shown and with the downtake flue built in therewith, for several reasons. A number of producers can in such case be built in continuous range in pairs, with the downtake flues between each two producers, as indicated at E c, Fig. 5, where the dotted lines to the right indicate a portion of the adjacent producer. If desired, the producers may be put up in blocks of four, the rear wall and one side wall being common to two adjoining producers, and the offtakes of all four producers may communicate atone corner with a common offtake at the center of the structure; or, if preferred, only the back walls may be in common and the downtakes in line, as shown in Fig. 5, and all deliver into one common flue below, Fig. 2.

In some cases, where only one producer is used,it may be provided with two downtakes, as indicated at E c in Fig. 4, with ordinary bindings, G. If only one downtake is pro vided, as in Fig. 5, the space for the second one may be filled in .with earth or loose rubble. This we prefer to attaching an outside flue to the structure, on account of the difficulty of binding the same securely against the expansion and contraction caused by the heat.

Referring to the drawings, 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the front, rear, and side walls, respectively, of the producer, and 5 is the top or roof, which is provided with a central feed-hopper, 6, and counterbalanced bell 7. The preferred detailed construction of these parts will be referred to hereinafter.

One of the main features of our invention consists in providing the producer with a central arch or diaphragm, 8, at the upper part of the combustion chamber L, preferably at such a distance below the bottom of the feedhopper that when the bell 7 is depressed the latter will rest on the top of the arch, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2. This arch is for the purpose of providing for an even distribution of the coal fed into the combustion-chamber, of protecting the bell and hopper, and of increasing the uniformity of the combustion as a retort for mixing and heating the gases previous to their exit. This arch ordiaphragm is provided at its juncture with the walls of the structure with openings 9, which we arrange at the four sides, as illustrated in Fig. 5, and thereby obtain an equalized distribution and combustion of the fuel. The arch 8 is built at the corners with inclined ridges 10, in order to facilitate the descent of the coal (when the bell 7 is depressed) through the openings 9 into the combustionchamber L. By this means the coal falls 011 all sides evenly, instead of in a mass in the center, as is usual.

The construction of an arch or diaphragm,

above described, may be used in connection with any suitable form of offtake, hopper, and roof; but we prefer the construction of hopper and roof illustrated in the drawings- The roof is built up'of brick-lined plates or frames, which are provided with suitable poke-holes, 12, and at the corners are detachable lined covers 13, to fit corresponding flanged 7 have been used for the tops of furnaces, but

believe it to be new to construct such a frame with a bell and hopper, as described.

The hopper 6 is constructed of four flanged plates, forming the four sides of the rectangular hopper, bolted together and also bolted to the ring 14 on the roof of the producer, which ring has itsinterior diameter round, as shown .by dotted lines in Fig. 5, to correspond with the round outline of the bell 7, which finds its seat against this ring, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. The top of the hopper may be provided with the usual slide, 15.

We are aware that hoppers have been pro-- vlded with detachable rings at their lower ends; but we are not aware that such detachable rings have been bolted between the flanged bolted plates constituting the hopper and the top of the producer so that the bell will find its seat against this ring and be pressed'up tightly against it by its counterbalance.

The downtake flue E may be provided with various forms of valve; but we prefer the valve 16, illustrated in Fig. 1. The stem of the valve, which passes up through the coverplate 17, is provided with a handle, 18, and a hinged latch, 19. v This hinged latch, when the valve is depressed, as illustrated in Fig. 2, occupies the position shown by full lines in that figure; but when the valve is raised off its seat the latch 19 will assume a vertical position and keep the valve raised; but by simply kicking this latch aside with the foot the workman can allow the valve to drop and close the downtake flue instantly.

The poke-holes 12 in the top of the producer are in such positions that the walls of the combustion-chamber L are readily accessible th erefrom to keep the walls clear of soot and clinkers. Soot-holes 11, also, may be arranged in the walls of the producer above the arch, to facilitate the removal of soot deposits, should these occur.

For ordinary coking coals we prefer to construct our producer with grate bars 20, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, extending entirely across the lower part of the producer and supdoor-frame,

ported on front bearer bars, 21, and a rear bearerbar, 22. Each front bearer bar is mounted at one end in a lug in the side wall, and at the other end in a lug. 24, cast on the central tuyere-box, F, Figs. 1, 6, and 7, while the rear bearer-bar, 22, reaches entirely across the ashpit, and is supported in lugs or sockets v 23 on the side walls, Fig. 1. For non-coking coals or dust, and for slack, special grates of various forms may be used in connection with the main features of our producer without departure from our invention.

The central tuyere-box, F, is carried by the door-frame 25, and may be formed in two parts, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the outer part, 26, being stemmed into and bolted to the inner part, 27, which latter is formed in one structure with the door 25. If preferred, the inner part, 27, of the tuyere-box, as well as the outer part, 26, may be stemmed into the portion 27 of the as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The inner end of the tuyerebox is flared outwardly, as illustrated in Figs. 4: and 7, to

facilitate the distribution of the air and steam blast to all parts of the ash -pit, and, if desired, the top and sides of the tuyere-box immediately under the grate bars may be perforated, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 4 and in full lines in Figs. 6 and 7, to allow of currents of air passing up between the bars to that point.

The inner end of the tuyere-boxis provided with a lip, 28, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1 and by full lines in Figs. 4-. and 6, and the outer end is provided with alip,29,which, in connection with the front plate,30, forms a trap, so that water collecting thereon from the steam from the blast will close the opening at that point. The door-frames, tuyerebox, and. poke-hole boxes,hereinafter referred to, may, however, be cast in one structure, if desired.

On the top of the outer portion, 26, of the tuyere-box is mounted any usual form of throat, 31, which,for apurpose explained hereinafter, is hinged at 32 to the top of the box,and at 33, at its upper end,to a stanchion proj ecting from ICO the wall of the structure, so that it can be.

swung back from the position indicated by full lines in Figs. 4 and 5 to that indicated by dotted-lines in Fig. 4. The top of the throat may be closed by the usual hinged cover,34. The bottom of the throat is set intothelipped top 44 of the tuyere-box, Fig. 6, and is provided with a packing of sand, clay, &c.,to insure a tight joint. The throat is provided with lugs 59, to facilitate the manipulation of the throat by the insertion of a bar, 60, Figs. 1 and 6, under the lugs. By resting the end of the bar on the door-frame as a fulcrum point, the throat may be lifted clear. of the-box and swung back, and the throatmay be returned to its normal position in a similar way.

On each side of the door-frame, and preferably above it, are mounted in notches in the frontwall of the producer smaller throats,35, which open into flucs 36, extending horizonwalls of the producer, but not communicating with each other, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, and each flue 36 is provided with outlets 37,0pening into the incandescent body of coal in the combustion-chainber. In connection with these throats 31 and 35, we provide a suitable system of steam pipes and nozzles, 38, controlled by valves or cocks in any suitable manner. The main pipe of this system is provided at its lower end with a drippipe,39, controlled by a cock, a0, and having at its lower end a nozzle, 4:] adapted to fit into a valved opening,42,in the cover-plate 30 of the tuyere-box F, so that when the nozzle 41 is turned to open into the tuyere-box and the valve 40 is opened the water of condensation in the pipe may be thrown into the tuyere box, instead of beingallowed to drip on the ground outside and be a source of annoyance. Live steam may also be blown in, if desired, by the same means.

The extension 39 is connected to the main pipe 38 by a hinged joint, 61, so that when it is desired to move it out of the way the extension 39 may be lifted to the horizontal position indicated by dotted lines in 3, and its outer end supported bya hook, 43, projecting from the front wall of the structure.

The doors on each side of the central tuyere-boX are hinged to the doorframe in any suitable manner, and when closed are secured tight by bars 46, Figs. 3 and 6, fitting at one end in lugs in the doonframe and at the other end in lugs on the top of the tuycre box, while the inner face of the bar bears against wedge-pieces 4.7,cast on the front ofthe doors. The lower part of each dooris held to the frame by a bar, 48, common to both, and fitting in lugs on the doonframe, Figs. 3 and 7. A niche in the wall allows the doors to swing back flush with the face of the strut-tn re.

Each door is provided above and below the grate-level with suitable poke-holes, 49, with hinged covers, and in the door-frame are to the front wall of the producer.

mounted lazy-bars 50, to receive the weight of the slicing bar or poker introduced to remove the ashes.

Near the upper part of the door-frame, at opposite sides, are lugs 51, which receive and support a detachable crossbeam, 52, for the support of false gratebars 53, indicated by dottedlinesin Fig. 1, and which are supported at their inner ends on a ledge, 55, of the rear wall,2. These false bars 53 are inserted when it is desired to perfectly clean out the clinkers and ashes or the lower part of the fire. To facilitate the forcible introduction of thebars, a ram, 54, is provided, suspended from a traveling hook, 56, mounted on away, 57. secured With ordinarily clean coal, however, it is not necessary to use false bars, except for occasional thor ough cleanings.

Ve are aware that in charging rctorts ways with traveling hooks have been provided to support the chargingshovel; but our construction of a single traveling way running across the face of the retort with a suspended chain and bar would hcinapplicable for retortcharging.

In the front wall, 1, and side walls, 3, are poke boxes 53, for the introduction of bars to handle the fuel in the combustiorrchambcr L, as well as to remove clinkers from the walls. We prefer to arrange the poke-holes in the side wall. 3, at points above orhigher up than those in the front wall, 1. The poke-boxes 58 in the front wall are mounted on the doorframe 25, but built in the masonry, and are separate from the door-frame.

\Ve claim ourinvention 1. The combination of the combustionchamber of a gasproducer and ofi'takeflue with a diaphragm or arch in the combustionchamber having openings at its edges and inclined ribs between the openings.

2. A gas-producer having walls of masonry and having a roof formed of a lined metallic frame supported on but independent of the masonry and provided with a bell and hopper and with detachable lined covers.

3. The combination of the top of the gasproducer with a bell and rectangular hopper formed of flanged plates bolted together and to the prod ueer, and aring, l4, bolted between the top of the producer and the hopper to form a seat for the bell, all substantially as specified.

4. The combination of the grate-bars of a gas-producer and central tuyere-boX parallel with the bars, transverse supporting-bars 21 and 22, and lugs for the supportingbars on the side walls and on the tuyere box.

5. A gas-producer having a tuyerebox provided with a front plate and outer lip, 29, to form wit-l1 the front plate a trap, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination of the tuyerebox of a gas-producer having an opening, 42, with a throat and steam-pipes having an extension, 39, adapted to direct the drip into the tuyerebox.

7. The combination of the throat and tuyere box of a gas-producer with the steampipes therefor having a hinged drip-extension, 39, and supportinghook 43.

8. The combination of the tuyere-boX and door-frame of a gas-producer with a hinged throat having lugs on its sides, as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination of the grate of a gas producer, a tuyerc-loox below the same, and a throat for the tuyere-box, with side fines, 36, and throats 35 therefor, and piping 38 for the several throats, substantially as described.

10. A gas-producer having side fines, 36, and throats 35 therefor in niches in the side walls.

11. The combination of the door-frame and doors of a gas-producer having poke-holes and lazy-bars 50, as set forth.

12. The combination of the double door- IIO frame of a gas-producer with atuyerehox, F, 15. A tnyere-box for a gas-producerhaving substantially as set forth. stantinlly as set forth.

13. The combination of the door-framc of, In testimony whereof we have signed our 5 a gas-producer with poke-holes 58,bniltin the '3 names to this specification in the presence of masonry and mounted directly upon the doortwo subscribing Witnesses.

l frame, but separate therefrom. i t l 14. The combination of agas-producer with JAMES A. HERRTGK.

a \vny, 15, across the front thereof, and at trev- [O eling hook, 56, suspended at the front and carrying a chain and bar, 54, to facilitate the i \Vitnesses:

fixed in thesaid frame between the two doors, 1 a flared end and perforated top and sides, sub- 15 CHARLES R. F. TOPHAM.

ushing in of false bars, substantially as set L JOHN DELOLISEN forth. WILLIAM H. ANDREWS. 

